Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict – level 2

Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict

19-03-2025 07:00

Ethiopia and Eritrea may go to war again, officials in the region say. If this happens, it will destroy the 2019 peace deal, which ended years of fighting and could make life worse for many people in the Horn of Africa.

The problem started after Ethiopia’s civil war in the Tigray region between 2020 and 2022. Eritrea helped Ethiopia fight against the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF). After the war, Ethiopia made peace with Tigray, but Eritrea was not part of it. Now, there is a new fight inside Tigray, and Ethiopia and Eritrea may support different sides. Both countries are sending soldiers to the border.

Eritrea became independent from Ethiopia in 1993, but they fought again in 1998. They made peace in 2018, but their friendship ended when Ethiopia made a deal with Tigray. Ethiopia also wants sea access, which worries Eritrea.

Difficult words: peace deal (when two countries or groups agree to end a war or conflict), civil war (a war between groups within the same country), access (being able to get to or inside a place).

You can watch the original video in the Level 3 section.

What events in Tigray and prior conflicts have led to Ethiopia and Eritrea supporting different sides, and why is Ethiopia's pursuit of sea access a concern for Eritrea?

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